🎥: Ectopia Cordis
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📚Ectopia cordis is an extremely rare congenital malformation where the heart is located partially or totally outside the thoracic cavity. The four main ectopic positions are:
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👉🏽adjacent to the thorax: ~60 %
👉🏽abdominal: 15-30%
👉🏽thoraco-abdominal: 7-18%
👉🏽cervical: ~3%
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📚It results from the failure of migration of lateral mesoderm into the midline.
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🏨Ectopia cordis may occur as an isolated malformation or it may be associated with a larger category of ventral body wall defects that affect the thorax, abdomen or both.
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A well-known association is pentalogy of Cantrell 1 which comprises of:
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👉🏽ectopia cordis
👉🏽omphalocele (typically supraumbilical)
👉🏽congenital diaphragmatic hernia
👉🏽sternal cleft
👉🏽congenital heart disease
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Credit: @dr.niklaus👍🏽👍🏽
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