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Rhabdomyolysis is a syndrome characterized by muscle necrosis and the release of intracellular muscle constituents into the circulation.
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Creatine kinase (CK) levels are typically markedly elevated, and muscle pain with red to brown urine due to myoglobinuria may be present. Serum CK levels at presentation are usually at least five times the upper limit of normal, but range from approximately 1500 to over 100,000 international units/L.
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Common risk factors for rhabdomyolysis include: alcohol and drug abuse, crush syndrome, seizures, use of statins and excessive physical exertion of any kind can provoke rhabdomyolysis, especially in previously untrained individuals ("white-collars rhabdomyolysis"), while the high temperature, the humidity, the cocaine or alcohol use and the dehydration may act as additional risk factors.
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Acute kidney injury (AKI, acute renal failure) is a very common complication of rhabdomyolysis.
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